According to : "The average level of cotinine (metabolized nicotine) among nonsmokers increased by 456% and the average levels of the carcinogen NNAL increased by 112% after four hours of exposure to secondhand smoke in a smoke-filled casino with a "sophisticated" ventilation system."
Polito includes a table which compares the cessation success rates of unaided quitting compared to drugs in population-based studies. For heavy smokers, NRT achieves a 9% success rate compared to 15% for unassisted quitting.
Should early childhood education be funded?
Christopher Snowdon reported the details of the story back in February. He wrote:
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