"In the lecture, the Kandels review Denise Kandel’s earlier work on the gateway hypothesis and on the role of nicotine as a gateway drug, reported in a Science paper in 1975. They also review subsequent studies in which they tested the gateway hypothesis experimentally in a mouse model. In those studies, conducted in collaboration with Amir Levine, Yan You Huang, Bettina Drisaldi, Edmund A Griffin, and others at CUMC, they found that when mice are exposed to nicotine, it alters their brain biochemically and induces activation of a reward-related gene. As a result, nicotine primes the animals’ subsequent response to cocaine, providing a molecular basis for nicotine as a gateway drug for cocaine. Dr. Denise Kandel’s further analysis of 2004 epidemiologic data from a large, longitudinal sample suggested that nicotine also primes human brains to respond to cocaine." ...

For the University of Kentucky Cancer Center:

In fact, many vapers have reported that after switching to electronic cigarettes, they have lost the desire to return to smoking because the taste of tobacco cigarettes is no longer pleasant after having experiencing the flavors of electronic cigarettes. It is possible, then, that electronic cigarettes do not serve as a gateway to tobacco smoking but instead, serve as a sort of barrier to tobacco smoking.

Hint: The solution isn't too difficult. Pennsylvania corporations are enjoying $2.4 billion in annual tax breaks. Closing a fraction of those loopholes would fully fund the Philadelphia school system.

The public health charity ‘Action on Smoking and Health’ are fairly optimistic regarding the potential for vaping to be able to help smokers kick the dangerous habit and they inferred that the contents of e-cigarettes appear to be less than harmful. Although nicotine has been connected to anxiety and blood vessel disease, when this is compared to the percentage of smokers that contract cancer from tobacco, things look far more positive. A study that was conducted in 2013 did reveal that the practice of e-smoking helped to reduce the cravings for real cigarettes amongst heavy smokers and as such they managed to decrease the amount of harmful tobacco consumption. Because they strongly resemble and actually mimic the action of smoking a normal cigarette, it is believed that vaping has the potential to completely replace the desire to smoke amongst the same demographic.

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