For the University of Kentucky Cancer Center:

The theory of tobacco abstinence is currently being challenged by a new idea called (THR). THR splits tobacco into two parts: the harm caused by smoke and tar, and the harm caused by nicotine. Because nicotine addiction is the main problem when it comes to getting smokers to quit smoking, THR theory looks at the harm caused by nicotine itself compared to the harm caused by smoking. The good news is that nicotine is fairly safe in low doses, comparable to caffeine in effects and dangers. So in short, THR aims to give smokers who are unable to quit smoking an alternative source of nicotine to reduce tobacco harm.

The finding of reduced exhaled nitric oxide is an indication that an exposure is causing some sort of inflammatory effect on cells lining the respiratory tract. It doesn't mean anything more or less than that. You can't take two exposures - each of which causes respiratory tract inflammation - and make the statement that the effects of both exposures are equal. Risk posed by an exposure depends on many other factors, including the degree of inflammation induced, the reversibility of the effect, the nature of the exposure, the chronicity of the exposure, etc.

While it is theoretically possible that an electronic cigarette company could some day get a full reduced risk claim approved, the regulatory burden is extreme. Not only would the company have to show that the product is safer than smoking, but the company would also have to demonstrate that the product will not deter smokers from quitting and will not introduce youth to the use of nicotine. The studies required would be substantial. For most companies, the costs would be prohibitive. It would take many years before any company could even have a reasonable chance of getting such an application approved and by then it will be too late for the market to continue to expand.

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