The authors write: "Consistent with the only other longitudinal population-level study with 1-year follow-up that we are aware of, we found that e-cigarette use by smokers was not followed by greater rates of quitting or by reduction in cigarette consumption 1 year later."

The introduction and proliferation of filtered cigarettes occurred mostly in the decades preceding and following the 1964 Surgeon General's report and was mostly complete by 1974. Further reductions in tar yield occurred through other mechanisms, as by 1974, most cigarette brands were filtered.

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