The report also noted that popular stars, such as Jessica Simpson, have been endorsing the use of nicotine gum. Simpson - a former teen-pop sensation - told a national television audience that she was , even though she had never smoked a cigarette in her life. Simpson told Jay Leno: "The first time I ever chewed a piece of Nicorette gum one of my close friends’ mother gave it to me. I think she thought she was giving me a piece of regular gum. I was chewing it and it was like a party in my mouth. It was like fireworks and 'Oh my god, I’m talking a million miles per hour and I love this gum and what kind of gum is this? I have to have this gum.'"

I then explain that the gateway hypothesis is actually unsupported by any scientific evidence and that there is some evidence which is inconsistent with the hypothesis.

Furthermore, the web site to which Wimmer links (NEwhere) does not claim that electronic cigarettes are safe. Instead, it suggests that they are safer than cigarettes. In fact, NEwhere acknowledges that electronic cigarettes are not 100% safe, as they do deliver formaldehyde. It its customers that: "electronic cigarettes are not a panacea for smokers. Electronic cigarettes do still contain the harmful chemical formaldehyde in their vapors."

According to the press release: "The ERS agrees with the recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO) and is opposed to the use of unregulated e-cigarettes. While the short-term negative impact on health appears not as great as tobacco cigarettes, the long-term effects of e-cigarettes are not known. As a Society grounded in scientific principles, ERS believes that the precautionary principle should be applied when scientific evidence is inconclusive and insufficient."

There are some specific problems with survey studies that could lead to an overestimation of the benefits of electronic cigarettes. One major problem is that a survey study of the use of advanced vapor products would result in a severe bias towards finding a high level of effectiveness of these products. The reason? By the time smokers advance to use products like open-ended systems, they have already experienced success, fulfillment, and enjoyment with vaping. In other words, limiting the sample to users of advanced vapor products filters out the majority of e-cigarette users, who do not experience great success and therefore don't go on to the more advanced products.

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