"In terms of acute effects on respiratory function, active smoking is exactly equivalent to the effects of taking a math test."

The report also documents how pharmaceutical companies are using sponsorships of motor sports - particularly, the sponsorship of racing cars - to associate these products with youth-popular activities and events that have large youth audiences. The report includes photos, such as:

According to : "The average level of cotinine (metabolized nicotine) among nonsmokers increased by 456% and the average levels of the carcinogen NNAL increased by 112% after four hours of exposure to secondhand smoke in a smoke-filled casino with a "sophisticated" ventilation system."

The study found that: "Neither a brief session of active e-cigarette smoking (indicative: 3% reduction in FEV1/FVC) nor a 1 h passive e-cigarette smoking (indicative: 2.3% reduction in FEV1/FVC) significantly affected the lung function (p > 0.001). In contrast, active (indicative: 7.2% reduction in FEV1/FVC; p < 0.001) but not passive (indicative: 3.4% reduction in FEV1/FVC; p = 0.005) tobacco cigarette smoking undermined lung function."

"Smoking is the single greatest cause of preventable illness and early death in England and most of the Western world," it said.

Why?

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