Unfortunately, the 2014 Surgeon General's report has left readers unaware of possible industry influences, as it has failed to disclose the pharmaceutical industry ties of many of its authors. And it is not difficult to estimate the extent to which pharmaceutical industry-generated research activities have influenced scientific thinking regarding the effects of smoking cessation drugs and nicotine's therapeutic (cessation) applications.

Nevertheless, this does not stop the authors from drawing a conclusion. They conclude, despite their acknowledged inability to draw such a conclusion, that: "e-cigarette use is aggravating rather than ameliorating the tobacco epidemic among youths."

F. None of the above.

Previous reviews have found that e-cigarettes are viewed by the general public as effective strategies for quitting and reducing harm, and research suggests some smokers use e-cigarettes for cessation purposes. Physicians may be interested in continuing the e-cigarette conversation with their patients in future appointments, as advising patients to quit smoking is the most often utilized intervention. The overall scope of most current studies show that, regardless of the delay from the FDA, most physicians will recommend e-cigs as a tobacco harm reduction tool, as they would any other traditional smoking cessation.

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